Which of the following is a characteristic of formative assessments?

Formative assessments are designed to inform instruction and enhance student learning throughout the educational process. This type of assessment occurs during the learning experience rather than at the conclusion, allowing educators to identify areas where students may be struggling and adjust their teaching methods accordingly. The primary goal of formative assessments is to provide continuous feedback to both students and teachers, fostering an environment where learning can be improved in real time.

In contrast to other options, formative assessments do not provide a final grade; they typically focus on progress rather than a definitive outcome. They are not restricted to standardized tests, and they are not primarily used at the end of a unit, as the purpose of formative assessments is to guide and support learning as it happens. This key characteristic makes option B the accurate choice among the options presented.